Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Iman A Hakim
University of Arizona, USA
Keynote: Effects of a 6-month green and black tea intervention on inflammatory cytokines: Role of gender and smoking
Time : 10:20-11:05
Biography:
Iman Hakim is the Dean of the College of Public Health at the University of Arizona (UA). She is the Mel & Enid Zuckerman Endowed Chair in Public Health and the Founding Director of the Global Health Institute at UA. She is a Member of the UA Cancer Center and Sarver Heart Center. She holds joint appointments in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the UA College of Medicine and Departments of Nutrition at UA. She is internationally known for her translational research and work on the role of bioactive food compounds such as green tea and d-limonene in modulation of oxidative damage and prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. She has spoken at numerous national and international conferences. Her research focuses on health promotion, dietary interventions, and the role of gene-environment and gene-nutrition interactions in chronic disease prevention. She has been the Principal Investigator of several clinical trials focused on nutrition, cancer prevention, and coronary heart disease, chemoprevention of lung carcinogenesis using green tea; dietary interventions to study the effects of tea consumption on smoking-related oxidative stress and role of d-limonene and citrus-cancer association in Mediterranean diet.
Abstract:
Background: Chronic inflammation has been implicated as an important modulator of human health by playing a significant role in both disease prevention and disease development. Several studies have demonstrated increased interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood of smokers. Our goal, that was addressed over a four year study period, was to determine the effects of high tea consumption on biological markers of chronic inflammation that mediate lung cancer risk, including, IL-6, CRP and antioxidant enzyme activities.
Methods: We completed a six month randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial in a group of current and former smokers. Participants were stratified on smoking status and gender, and were randomized to green or black tea preparations or a control intervention (matching placebo). Levels of plasma IL-6 and CRP were used to measure chronic inflammation.
Results: A total of 138 participants (78 females and 60 males) participated in the study. Our data showed that IL6 is significantly correlated with years of smoking and pack/year among smokers and former smokers. At the end of the six month intervention, female smokers in the green tea group showed a significant decrease in IL-6 (P=0.036) while male former smokers in the black tea group showed a significant decrease in CRP levels (P=0.012). There were no significant changes in dietary and serum antioxidant levels between the different groups.
Conclusion: This data implies that smokers are more likely to benefit from green tea intake, while the beneficial effects of black tea are observed among former smokers.
Keynote Forum
Royce P Vincent
King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
Keynote: Remission of type 2 diabetes after metabolic surgery: The role of bile acids
Time : 11:05-11:50
Biography:
Royce P Vincent is a Consultant Chemical Pathologist at King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and an Honorary Senior Lecturer at King’s College London, UK. He is the Clinical Lead for Biochemistry and Parenteral Nutrition services. He obtained his MD (Res) at Imperial College London. His research interests are in Clinical Nutrition, Obesity and Endocrinology. He has published over 45 original research and review articles and is serving as an International Editorial Board Member for Translational Metabolic Syndrome Research
Abstract:
There is growing evidence of long-term remission of type 2 diabetes after metabolic surgery (bariatric surgery) and hence, these procedures have now been advocated as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes. The pathophysiology of improved glucose metabolism after surgery remains poorly understood. Bile acids have in recent years been identified as metabolic molecules which regulate glycaemic control via activating the nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the membrane receptor TGR5. Thus, the altered bile acid metabolism after metabolic surgery may in part attribute to the remission of type 2 diabetes. This session will explore the link between bile acids and incretin (gut) hormones and their potential role in improved glycaemic control.
Keynote Forum
Antonio Hernández-Mijares
University of Valencia, Spain
Keynote: Leukocyte-endothelium interactions, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation parameters are enhanced in undernourished outpatient subjects
Time : 12:20-13:05
Biography:
Antonio Hernández-Mijares obtained his PhD in 1988 from the University of Valencia. He is the Head of the Endocrinology Service of the Hospital Doctor Peset and Professor of the Department of Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Valencia (Spain). He has extensive experience in the field of Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders. He has made several stays in national and international centers of recognized prestige and he has been the main Investigator of several national funded competitive research projects. He has published more than 170 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute
Abstract:
Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) may represent a sustained low-grade inflammatory process, which can generate a state of oxidative stress with repercussions in the form of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function in a malnourished outpatient population. A total of 138 outpatient subjects – 105 with normonutrition (NN), 10 with DRM without inflammation (DRM-I) and 23 with DRM and inflammation (DRM+I) – were included in the study. Nutritional diagnosis was performed according to the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN). We also evaluated biochemical parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and mitochondrial parameters such as reactive oxygen species production, glutathione, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption. DRM+I patients showed reduced albumin, prealbumin, RBP, lymphocytes and vitamin D and increased C3 levels with respect to the NN group, differences that were less noticeable in the DRM-I group. DRM+I was associated with a significant increase in inflammatory parameters (hsCRP, IL6 and TNFα), leukocyte adhesion and adhesion molecules and a decrease in rolling velocity. Both DRM groups were characterised by increased oxidative stress, which was marked by a significant decrease in glutathione and mitochondrial oxygen consumption and an increase in ROS levels in the DRM+I group. The significant correlations between weight loss, enhanced inflammation and oxidative stress in DRM patients confirmed these relationships. Thus, our results show that DRM is associated with mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction and an inflammatory state, which are more pronounced in a DRM+I population
Keynote Forum
Jyoti D Vora & Dipak Dhirajlal Vora
Ramnarain Ruia College, India
Keynote: Workshop on: Organoleptic assessment of ripe papaya (Carica papaya)
Time : 14:05-14:55
Biography:
Jyoti D. Vora is a Academician, Head of The Department, Consultant, Trainer, Research Guide And Researcher in Biochemistry And Food Science And Quality Control and her qualifications are M.Sc, PhD, F.S.Sc., MASFFBC, CME (USA), NET Cleared, Nutritional consultant at Raleigh Medical Centre, North Carolina, Certified Functional Foods Scientist(FFC,USA).
Abstract:
Regarded as one of the ‘healthiest fruits’ used for various health therapies and disease management conditions, ripe papaya fruit is like a wonder. Novel product development is an emerging concept, making the food that we eat, interesting and appealing. The idea of development of a novel recipe with the use of ripe papaya was to present this valuable fruit in an alluring form, which can be enjoyed by all. Ripe pulp or the fruit has been consumed since ages, in different forms in order to maintain optimum health conditions. The presented research endeavor to exhibit a novel product developed with use of ripe papaya fruit. The aim of this research was to develop a gastronomical product, maintaining the nutritive margins and develop a novel recipe, which can be wholesome and nutritious. The sensory evaluation of this developed product was carried out by a trained panel and the observations were recorded and evaluated using self-administered questionnaires. The results displayed that the novel product was favored by the panelists and it can be beneficial for promoting the use of ripe papaya in an innovative form, promoting health in a disguised concept. HACCP analysis (hazard analysis critical control points) was carried out determining the critical control points for the recipe and remedial measures for maintaining total quality management, throughout the entire recipe development process. The novel product can be further used as a nutraceutical, promoting optimum health and nutrition
- Nutrition, Obesity and Diabetes | Nutrition in Chronic illness | Research in Nutrition and Food sciences | Pediatric Nutrition and Obesity | Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health
Location: Fleming’s 8
Chair
Iman A Hakim
University of Arizona, USA
Co-Chair
Royce P Vincent
King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
Session Introduction
Gul Kızıltan
Baskent University, Turkey
Title: The effect of life style modifications and dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) eating plan in patients with prehypertension
Biography:
Gül Kızıltan has completed PhD in 1998 from Hacettepe University, Institute of Health Science, Nutrition and Dietetics Program. She has been working at BaÅŸkent University since 1993. She is a Vice Dean of BaÅŸkent University Health Science Faculty and Head of Nutrition and Dietetic Department. She has published more than 50 papers and presented more than 100 researches in national and international scientific platforms and worked in several projects as a Coordinator and Researcher.
Abstract:
The study was conducted on 32 patients (24 women, 8 men) between the ages of 20–64 who were admitted to Atatürk State Hospital diagnosed with prehypertension. For eight weeks, participants were randomly assigned to 3 groups; 1) advice only, 2) DASH eating pattern alone and 3) DASH eating pattern combined with life style modifications. Blood pressure measurements were repeated in the 4th and 8th weeks. Some serum biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements, body compositions and physical activity levels were determined at the baseline after eight weeks of interventions. The nutritional status of the patients was determined by a 24-hour dietary food record. The median of BMI of the patients were 29.05 (26.2-32.05)kg/m2. At the beginning of the research, the median of men and women’s systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 130(125–135) mmHg and 85 (82.5–85) mmHg; 130(127.5–135) mmHg and 80(80-85) mmHg, respectively. The DASH diet significantly lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure in women (p<0.05). DASH eating pattern combined with life style modifications lowered both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in women and just diastolic blood pressure in men (p<0.05). There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between sodium intake and systolic blood pressure measurements (r=0.767, p=0.010). There was a negative and statistically significant correlation between potassium (r=-0.780, p=0.008), magnesium (r=-0.833, p=0.003), iron(r=-0.833, p=0.003), copper (r=-0.793, p=0.006) intake and systolic blood pressure. There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between waist circumference and systolic blood pressure (r=0.699, p=0.025). In conclusion, for patients with prehypertension the DASH diet can lower blood pressure alone or combined with life style modifications.
Perim F Turker
Baskent University, Turkey
Title: Evaluation of serum ferritin level, insulin resistance and nutritional status in adults
Biography:
Perim F Türker has completed her PhD in 2008 from Hacettepe University, Institute of Health Science, Nutrition and Dietetics Program. She has been working at Baskent University since 1995. She has worked as a Dietitian at Baskent University Ankara Hospital for 15 years. Now, she is working as an Assistant Professor at BaÅŸkent University Health Science Faculty, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics. She has published more than 15 papers and presented more than 50 researches in national and international scientific platforms.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to evaluate serum ferritin level, insulin resistance and nutritional status in adults. The study was conducted on 109 individuals (84.4% women and 15.6% men), between the ages of 18–64 years. A questionnaire was administered including the questions related with sociodemographic attributes, nutritional habits by face to face interview method. Some anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were analyzed. All data was evaluated by SPSS 21.0 for Windows. Individuals were divided into four quartiels according to serum ferritin levels; (≤18.1 ng/mL Q1,18.2–31.1 ng/mL Q2,31.2–73.35 ng/mLQ3, ≥73.36 ng/mL Q4). Individuals whose insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level was above 2.7, were insülin resistant group. The mean age of women and men was 37.0±10.65 years and 32.4±10.44 years, respectively. It was determined that 69.2% of obese women (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2) were in Q1, 33.4% of them were in Q3 and 86.7% of them were in Q4 (p<0.05). When waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, percentage of body fat classifications of individuals were examined, there was no statistically significant difference between quartiles in both women and men. HOMA-IR values were higher in Q4(4.1±2.66) than the other quartiles (p<0.05). Serum fasting insulin levels were significantly higher in Q4 than other quartile qroups; serum HDL cholesterole in Q4 was lower than other quartiles. Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in individuals that have insulin resistance (71.1±70.28ng/mL) than in individuals that doesn’t have insulin resistance (42.9±37.55ng/mL). As a conclusion, high serum ferritin levels may be a risk factor for insulin resistance. To protect these risk factors, a person-specific diet and lifestyle changes should be recommended.
Mendane Saka
Baskent University, Turkey
Title: Relationship between glycemic index and glycemic load and insulin resistance in adult subjects
Biography:
Mendane Saka has completed PhD in 2001 from Hacettepe University, Institute of Health Science, Nutrition and Dietetics Program. She has been working at Baskent University since 2008. She has worked as a dietitian at Gülhane Military Medical Hospital in department of gastroenterology for 21 years. Now, she is working as a lecturer at BaÅŸkent University Health Science Faculty, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics. She has published more than 89 papers and presented more than 48 researches in national and international Scientific platforms.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between dietary glycemic index and glycemic load and anthropometric measurements of subjects with insulin resistance. The study consisted of 64 subjects who had a new insulin resistance diagnosis and no health problems. The mean age of the subjects was 42.6±13.2 years in the insulin resistance group and 34.1±10.1 years in the control group. A questionnaire form was applied face to face to the subjects in this study, and their demographic characteristics and eating habits were determined. Anthropometric measurements and some biochemical parameters of subjects were determined. All subjects were asked to fill in the 7-days food consumption record glycemic index, glycemic load, daily energy consumption, macro and micro nutrients and diet consumed daily by subjects were determined by food consumption record. In results of the study, it was seen that subjects in the control group had more snack meals than subjects with insulin resistance (p<0.05). Weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist/hip and waist/height ratio in women with insulin resistance more higher those in the control group(p<0.05). The mean BMI of all subjects is higher in subjects with insulin resistance(p<0.05). The glycemic index and glycemic load of the diets of subjects with insulin resistance is greater than the control gruop, but this difference is not statistically significant(p>0.05). In conclusion, high glycemic index and glycemic load diet may be risk factors for insulin resistance thruogh anthropometric properties. Low glycemic index and glycemic load diets may be affective in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance.
Erika Meroni
University of Milan, Italy
Title: Metabolic responses in endothelial cells following exposure to ketone bodies
Biography:
Erika Meroni is a third year PhD student in Food Systems at the Department of Food, Enviromental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Italy. The general topic of her research is about bioavailability, biological activity, mechanisms of action and role on health of bioactive components (endogenous, from food or from food industry by-products) through cell culture models and in vivo studies. Currently, her PhD project is focused on a particular dietary approach, called ketogenic diet”. The aim of her study is to investigate the metabolic effects of ketone bodies, by in vitro and in vivo studies.
Abstract:
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet based on the induction of the synthesis of ketone bodies (KB). Despite its multiple applications, the impact of KD on the human body is not completely understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the biological effects of KB on HMEC-1 endothelial cells. The exposure of cells to KB exerted a moderate genotoxic effect, measured by a significant increase in DNA oxidative damage (p<0.001) that was not related to the duration of exposure (2–48 h). To investigate the ability of KB to modulate DNA susceptibility to oxidative stress, we exposed cells to a secondary oxidative insult (H2O2) after KB supplementation. Surprisingly, cells treated with KB for 48 h showed significantly less DNA damage compared to control oxidized cells. One possible mechanism by which this protection might occur is through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway. In KB-treated cells, we found increased levels of Nrf2 in nuclear extracts and higher gene expression of HO-1, a target gene of Nrf2, compared to control cells. These results suggest that KB induce moderate oxidative stress, which activates the transcription factor Nrf2 and induces the transcription of target genes involved in the cellular antioxidant defense system. Consequently, in endothelial cells, the metabolic responses to KB-induced stress via Nrf2 pathway activation makes cells more resistant to a secondary insult, in this case H2O2, leading to a reduction in DNA oxidative damage.
Shima Bagherzadeh
Haybusak University of Yerevan, Armenia
Title: Dietary patterns in ADHD children comparing with normal children
Biography:
Shima Bagherzadeh had studying PhD in Haybusak University of Yerevan, Armenia
Abstract:
Background: ADHD is one of disorders in children that influence in brain. Current symptoms are hyperactivity, hypersensivity, and attention deficit.
Objective: We aimed to compare dietary patterns in ADHD and normal children in Kerman. Method: The present study included 80 children (40 with ADHD, 40 normal); mean (S.D.) age=83.43±30.74 months. Children's dietary patterns were assessed by FFQ questionnaire. It consists of 13 items to assess the frequency of food groups. ADHD was assessed via the Diagnostic of physician.
Results: The mean age of the children was 83.43±30.74 months. Daily consumption of kinds of fat and soft drinks was reported respectively 58.5%, 78.6% and more than 50% and 42.9% by ADHD and normal children. Consumption of fast food in ADHD was 7.3% daily and 39.0% weekly; however in normal children was 2.4% daily and 19.0% weekly
Conclusion: We identified unhealthy dietary patterns that included daily consumption for sugars, fats, fast foods, and soft drinks in this study. We found there was a significant difference between ADHD and normal children consumption in fast foods. Normal children had healthier dietary pattern than ADHD.
Keywords: Healthy Diet, ADHD, Dietary pattern, unhealthy diet