Biography:

Iman Hakim is the Dean of the College of Public Health at the University of Arizona (UA). She is the Mel & Enid Zuckerman Endowed Chair in Public Health and the Founding Director of the Global Health Institute at UA. She is a Member of the UA Cancer Center and Sarver Heart Center. She holds joint appointments in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the UA College of Medicine and Departments of Nutrition at UA. She is internationally known for her translational research and work on the role of bioactive food compounds such as green tea and d-limonene in modulation of oxidative damage and prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. She has spoken at numerous national and international conferences. Her research focuses on health promotion, dietary interventions, and the role of gene-environment and gene-nutrition interactions in chronic disease prevention. She has been the Principal Investigator of several clinical trials focused on nutrition, cancer prevention, and coronary heart disease, chemoprevention of lung carcinogenesis using green tea; dietary interventions to study the effects of tea consumption on smoking-related oxidative stress and role of d-limonene and citrus-cancer association in Mediterranean diet.

Abstract:

Background: Chronic inflammation has been implicated as an important modulator of human health by playing a significant role in both disease prevention and disease development. Several studies have demonstrated increased interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood of smokers. Our goal, that was addressed over a four year study period, was to determine the effects of high tea consumption on biological markers of chronic inflammation that mediate lung cancer risk, including, IL-6, CRP and antioxidant enzyme activities.

Methods: We completed a six month randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial in a group of current and former smokers. Participants were stratified on smoking status and gender, and were randomized to green or black tea preparations or a control intervention (matching placebo). Levels of plasma IL-6 and CRP were used to measure chronic inflammation.

Results: A total of 138 participants (78 females and 60 males) participated in the study. Our data showed that IL6 is significantly correlated with years of smoking and pack/year among smokers and former smokers. At the end of the six month intervention, female smokers in the green tea group showed a significant decrease in IL-6 (P=0.036) while male former smokers in the black tea group showed a significant decrease in CRP levels (P=0.012). There were no significant changes in dietary and serum antioxidant levels between the different groups.

Conclusion: This data implies that smokers are more likely to benefit from green tea intake, while the beneficial effects of black tea are observed among former smokers.

Biography:

Royce P Vincent is a Consultant Chemical Pathologist at King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and an Honorary Senior Lecturer at King’s College London, UK. He is the Clinical Lead for Biochemistry and Parenteral Nutrition services. He obtained his MD (Res) at Imperial College London. His research interests are in Clinical Nutrition, Obesity and Endocrinology. He has published over 45 original research and review articles and is serving as an International Editorial Board Member for Translational Metabolic Syndrome Research

Abstract:

There is growing evidence of long-term remission of type 2 diabetes after metabolic surgery (bariatric surgery)  and hence, these procedures have now been advocated as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes. The pathophysiology of improved glucose metabolism after surgery remains poorly understood. Bile acids have in recent years been identified as metabolic molecules which regulate glycaemic control via activating the nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the membrane receptor TGR5. Thus, the altered bile acid metabolism after metabolic surgery may in part attribute to the remission of type 2 diabetes. This session will explore the link between bile acids and incretin (gut) hormones and their potential role in improved glycaemic control.

Biography:

Antonio Hernández-Mijares obtained his PhD in 1988 from the University of Valencia. He is the Head of the Endocrinology Service of the Hospital Doctor Peset and Professor of the Department of Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Valencia (Spain). He has extensive experience in the field of Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders. He has made several stays in national and international centers of recognized prestige and he has been the main Investigator of several national funded competitive research projects. He has published more than 170 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute

Abstract:

Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) may represent a sustained low-grade inflammatory process, which can generate a state of oxidative stress with repercussions in the form of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function in a malnourished outpatient population. A total of 138 outpatient subjects – 105 with normonutrition (NN), 10 with DRM without inflammation (DRM-I) and 23 with DRM and inflammation (DRM+I) – were included in the study. Nutritional diagnosis was performed according to the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN). We also evaluated biochemical parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and mitochondrial parameters such as reactive oxygen species production, glutathione, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption. DRM+I patients showed reduced albumin, prealbumin, RBP, lymphocytes and vitamin D and increased C3 levels with respect to the NN group, differences that were less noticeable in the DRM-I group. DRM+I was associated with a significant increase in inflammatory parameters (hsCRP, IL6 and TNFα), leukocyte adhesion and adhesion molecules and a decrease in rolling velocity. Both DRM groups were characterised by increased oxidative stress, which was marked by a significant decrease in glutathione and mitochondrial oxygen consumption and an increase in ROS levels in the DRM+I group. The significant correlations between weight loss, enhanced inflammation and oxidative stress in DRM patients confirmed these relationships. Thus, our results show that DRM is associated with mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction and an inflammatory state, which are more pronounced in a DRM+I population

Biography:

Jyoti D. Vora is a Academician, Head of The Department, Consultant, Trainer, Research Guide And Researcher in Biochemistry And Food Science And Quality Control and her qualifications are M.Sc, PhD, F.S.Sc., MASFFBC, CME (USA),  NET Cleared, Nutritional consultant at Raleigh Medical Centre, North Carolina, Certified Functional Foods Scientist(FFC,USA).

Abstract:

Regarded as one of the ‘healthiest fruits’ used for various health therapies and disease management conditions, ripe papaya fruit is like a wonder. Novel product development is an emerging concept, making the food that we eat, interesting and appealing. The idea of development of a novel recipe with the use of ripe papaya was to present this valuable fruit in an alluring form, which can be enjoyed by all. Ripe pulp or the fruit has been consumed since ages, in different forms in order to maintain optimum health conditions. The presented research endeavor to exhibit a novel product developed with use of ripe papaya fruit. The aim of this research was to develop a gastronomical product, maintaining the nutritive margins and develop a novel recipe, which can be wholesome and nutritious. The sensory evaluation of this developed product was carried out by a trained panel and the observations were recorded and evaluated using self-administered questionnaires. The results displayed that the novel product was favored by the panelists and it can be beneficial for promoting the use of ripe papaya in an innovative form, promoting health in a disguised concept. HACCP analysis (hazard analysis critical control points) was carried out determining the critical control points for the recipe and remedial measures for maintaining total quality management, throughout the entire recipe development process. The novel product can be further used as a nutraceutical, promoting optimum health and nutrition